Sand Needed: Tons and Cubic Yards for Any Project

SOURCES — ASCE/SEI 7-22, Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures, commentary table "Minimum Densities for Design Loads from Materials" (sand and gravel, dry and loose, 100 lb/ft³; wet, 120 lb/ft³. The engine's 1,602 kg/m³ matches the dry-loose entry, and the wet entry sits 20 % above it, the top of the page's "damp sand weighs more" range. Paywalled standard, cited without a link; note the entry covers sand and gravel together rather than clean sand alone.) · NIST Special Publication 811, Appendix B.8 (conversion factors) (1 lb/ft³ = 16.01846 kg/m³, 1 yd³ = 0.7645549 m³, 1 short ton (2,000 lb) = 907.1847 kg. These are the exact factors that turn 100 lb/ft³ into the engine's 1,602 kg/m³ and into 1.35 US tons per cubic yard.) · FHWA NHI-06-088, Soils and Foundations Reference Manual Vol. I (2006), Table 5-4 (clean fine-to-coarse sand has a normalized dry unit weight (γdry/γw) of 1.36 to 2.21 at γw = 62.4 lb/ft³, about 85 to 138 lb/ft³, in a table reproduced from Kulhawy and Mayne (1990). That is in-situ soil unit weight rather than loose as-delivered density, so it brackets the 100 lb/ft³ figure instead of replacing it, and it is why the tonnage here is an estimate to confirm against the delivery ticket.) · CMHA PAV-TEC-002-22, Construction of Interlocking Concrete Pavements (bedding sand is "spread and screeded to an uncompacted nominal 1 in. (25 mm) thickness", the basis for the paver-bedding depth in the FAQ. Published by the Concrete Masonry and Hardscapes Association, formed by the unification of the Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (ICPI) and the National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA).)